Hatsumode, the first shrine visit of the New Year in Japan, is a cherished tradition that blends spirituality, celebration, and cultural identity. For both locals and travelers, it offers a meaningful start to the year. In this guide, we explore everything from the origins of Hatsumode to how foreign visitors can participate respectfully and comfortably — including shrine recommendations, etiquette tips, and modern practices.
What is Hatsumode?
Hatsumode is the Japanese tradition of making the first shrine or temple visit of the New Year, typically observed between January 1st and 3rd. Deeply rooted in Shintoism, and to a lesser extent Buddhism, Hatsumode marks a spiritual fresh start. It’s a time when people pray for blessings such as health, prosperity, academic success, and overall good fortune in the year ahead.
Symbolically, Hatsumode is an act of renewal. Visitors express gratitude for the previous year and seek guidance and protection from kami (Shinto deities) or buddhas. Common rituals include tossing coins into offering boxes, bowing, clapping hands in prayer, and purchasing charms (omamori).
Historically, Hatsumode evolved from the custom of toshigomori, where individuals stayed overnight at shrines to welcome the new year. The Meiji period (late 19th century) transformed it into the current practice of shrine visits beginning at midnight on January 1st. Railways and mass media popularized the event nationwide, turning it into a mainstream cultural practice in modern Japan.
When and Where to Experience Hatsumode
Most people observe Hatsumode between January 1st and 3rd, although many line up before midnight on New Year’s Eve to be among the first to pray. Peak visiting hours are from midnight to early afternoon on January 1st, with wait times at major shrines exceeding two hours.
Urban areas like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka host Japan’s most crowded Hatsumode spots, such as Meiji Shrine, which welcomes over 3 million visitors annually. Other popular shrines include Fushimi Inari Taisha (Kyoto), Sumiyoshi Taisha (Osaka), and Kawasaki Daishi (Kanagawa).
In contrast, rural and local shrines offer quieter, more intimate experiences. While they may not boast massive attendance or elaborate events, they preserve a strong sense of community and spirituality, ideal for reflective participation.
Best Shrines for Foreign Visitors
For tourists, certain shrines are more welcoming due to English signage, maps, and multilingual staff. Top recommendations include:
- Meiji Shrine (Tokyo): Offers multilingual guides and a central location.
- Fushimi Inari Taisha (Kyoto): Famous for its red torii gates and accessibility.
- Osaka Tenmangu (Osaka): Hosts cultural events and has English information.
- Sensoji Temple (Tokyo): While technically Buddhist, it’s tourist-friendly and hosts New Year activities.
- Kamakura’s Tsurugaoka Hachimangu: A seaside cultural gem with English pamphlets.
Some shrines also offer cultural workshops such as calligraphy or omamori-making, enhancing the educational and interactive experience for non-Japanese visitors.
Avoiding the Crowds: Tips for a Peaceful Visit
To escape the throngs:
- Visit early in the morning on January 1st or after January 2nd.
- Try smaller, neighborhood shrines that see fewer tourists.
- Major shrines like Meiji or Fushimi Inari can have wait times between 2–4 hours.
Alternative shrines like Kanda Myojin (Tokyo) or Shimogamo Shrine (Kyoto) provide historical value with comparatively lighter foot traffic, especially in the early hours or late at night.
How to Prepare for Hatsumode
Proper preparation enhances your experience and shows cultural respect. Here’s what you need to know:
- Clothing: Wear modest, layered outfits appropriate for cold winter temperatures (average lows around 0–5°C / 32–41°F). Traditional options like kimono are welcome but not required.
- Essentials: Bring small coins (preferably 5-yen, considered lucky), a bag for personal items, gloves, and tissues.
- Behavior: Maintain quiet demeanor, refrain from eating near sacred areas, and avoid blocking pathways.
| Do | Don’t |
| Bow at the torii gate | Walk through the center of torii |
| Purify hands and mouth | Skip purification steps |
| Use small coins for offering | Toss bills aggressively |
| Clap and bow properly | Use phones during prayer |
Understanding Shrine Etiquette
Here’s the typical flow of a shrine visit:
- Torii Gate: Bow once before entering.
- Temizuya (Purification Fountain):
- Use ladle to rinse left hand, then right.
- Pour water into left hand to rinse mouth (do not touch ladle to lips).
- Rinse left hand again and clean the ladle handle.
- Offering Box:
- Toss a coin gently.
- Bow twice, clap twice, bow once.
- Exit: Bow again at the torii gate.
Common mistakes include skipping purification, taking photos in prohibited areas, or talking loudly near the honden (main hall).
Omikuji, Charms, and What They Mean
Omikuji are paper fortune slips that predict your luck. If it’s bad luck, tie it to a designated rack or tree to leave the misfortune behind. If it’s good, you may keep it in your wallet or purse.
Omamori are protective charms sold at shrines. Each has a purpose:
- Health: Kenko omamori
- Love: Enmusubi omamori
- Safe Travel: Kotsu anzen omamori
- Academic Success: Gakugyo joju omamori
Traditionally, old charms are returned to the shrine at year’s end and new ones purchased for continued protection.
Can Tourists Participate in Hatsumode?
Absolutely. Tourists are welcome and respected when they observe proper etiquette. Japanese people generally appreciate when foreigners show interest in local traditions.
Tips for respectful participation:
- Observe how locals behave.
- Avoid obstructing prayer areas.
- Look for shrines with English resources or guides.
Shrines like Meiji and Sensoji are highly accustomed to foreign visitors. Some even offer QR codes for digital translations or hire part-time interpreters during peak seasons. Visitors have often described the experience as deeply moving and a highlight of their trip.
Modern Trends and Digital Hatsumode
Recent years have seen tech innovations in traditional practices:
- Online Shrine Visits: Some shrines live-stream New Year’s rituals.
- Drive-Through Omamori: Purchase charms without leaving your car.
- Digital Omikuji: Available via official apps or QR codes on shrine grounds.
These trends emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic and remain popular for accessibility, especially among elderly, disabled, or international followers.
Regional Variations in Hatsumode
Each region in Japan offers unique Hatsumode experiences:
- Hokkaido: Snow-covered shrines offer serene nighttime visits.
- Okinawa: A blend of Ryukyuan and Shinto practices.
- Tohoku: Often features communal bonfires and folk dancing.
- Rural Areas: Villages may host mochi-making or local craft markets alongside shrine visits.
Exploring outside major cities offers a more personal and culturally rich New Year’s experience.
Final Thoughts: Embracing the Spirit of a Japanese New Year
Hatsumode is more than just a ritual—it’s a peaceful, communal moment of hope and reflection. Whether you visit a bustling Tokyo shrine or a quiet countryside temple, the experience is both spiritually enriching and culturally immersive.
Foreign visitors are encouraged to participate with an open heart and mindful attitude. The simplicity of the tradition—prayers, wishes, and respect—makes it an accessible and memorable way to begin the year in Japan.
